Syphilis Update 2025

In a presentation on syphilis at a medical conference, Professor Aaron Amerson provided an update on recent epidemiological trends, clinical presentations, and diagnostic improvements for syphilis in the U.S. He highlighted the resurgence of syphilis rates, particularly since 2011, with a notable increase in cases since 2020. Although primary and secondary syphilis rates showed a slight decline in 2023, disparities persist, especially among men who have sex with men and Native American populations, where there has been a staggering rise in congenital syphilis cases. Factors attributed to the increase include public health worker focus on COVID-19, increases in unprotected sex, and social determinants of health like poverty and homelessness. Amerson emphasized the need for clinicians to recognize various clinical presentations of syphilis, including atypical forms and neuro-syphilis, underlining the importance of screening and timely treatment. He discussed the latest testing protocols, including the shift to treponemal tests, and concluded with key take-home messages about rising rates, health disparities, and the importance of ongoing vigilance in recognizing and treating syphilis.