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  • Presentation

Oral Manifestations of Systemic Inflammatory Conditions

Description

In this presentation on oral manifestations of systemic inflammatory conditions, Anga Chahta, an assistant professor at the University of Chicago, discusses various autoimmune diseases and their effects on oral health. The talk covers conditions such as psoriasis, lichen planus, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, Sjogren's syndrome, autoimmune vascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and sarcoidosis. Each condition exhibits unique oral symptoms; for instance, psoriasis can present as geographic tongue and fissured tongue, while lichen planus often results in painful erosive lesions. IBD is linked with oral ulcers and gingival disease. Patients with lupus may experience painless palatal ulcers and exfoliative cheilitis, while dermatomyositis can cause gingival telangiectasias. Sjogren's syndrome leads to xerostomia, increasing the risk for cavities and oral infections. Autoimmune vascular diseases like Behçet's syndrome can cause recurrent aphthous ulcers. The talk emphasizes the importance of recognizing these oral manifestations as important indicators of underlying systemic disease, allowing for better management and treatment of patients. Overall, the presentation aims to increase awareness among dermatologists about the intraoral signs of systemic autoimmune diseases.

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Conclusions

  • Oral lesions in autoimmune conditions such as psoriasis are often short-lived and can flare with skin involvement.
  • Patients with psoriasis commonly exhibit oral lesions on the tongue, buccal mucosa, and labial mucosa, including geographic tongue.
  • Oral lichen planus is more prevalent among patients with cutaneous lichen planus, and it may carry a risk of malignant transformation.
  • Oral manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more common in Crohn's disease and can include stomatitis and periodontitis.
  • Oral symptoms can appear before gastrointestinal symptoms in IBD, indicating the need for clinicians to inquire about gut-related issues.
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus can present with painless oral ulcers, prominent keratotic lesions, and lupus cheilitis.
  • Dysfunctional salivary glands in Sjögren's disease lead to xerostomia, increasing the risk of dental issues and oral infections.
  • Gingival hypertrophy and erosions are noted in ANCA-associated vasculitis, particularly granulomatosis with polyangiitis, where strawberry gingivitis is a hallmark.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with significant periodontal disease and potential TMJ abnormalities that can affect oral functions.
  • Oral involvement in sarcoidosis is rare, typically presenting as submucosal plaques or nodules.
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