Genetics & Epigenetics in the Development of Novel Treatments for Skin Disease

Brian Capel from the University of Pennsylvania discusses the role of genetics and epigenetics in developing novel treatments for skin diseases. He outlines his presentation structure, which includes a basic introduction to genetic and epigenetic concepts, examples of genetic and epigenetic targets in dermatology, and prospective therapeutics in development. Capel emphasizes that epigenetics allows for nuanced regulation of gene expression through modifications like DNA methylation and histone changes, contributing to cellular diversity. He highlights that many epigenetic changes are reversible and targetable by drugs, which can enhance existing therapies. Various examples of heritable mutations in skin diseases are presented, demonstrating therapeutic opportunities through gene-targeted drugs such as rapamycin for tuberous sclerosis and PI3 kinase inhibitors for overgrowth syndromes. The talk also covers somatic mutations relevant to conditions like melanoma and basal cell carcinoma, showing how understanding these mutations assists in treatment strategies. Capel discusses the potential of epigenetic drugs to enhance immunotherapy efficacy and introduces emerging technologies like CRISPR and mRNA-based therapeutics, underscoring their transformative potential in dermatology. He concludes that by understanding genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, new therapeutic avenues can be pursued, thereby expanding treatment options for skin diseases.