Clinically Relevant Updates in Dermatopathology: Where are the Gaps? An Update on Melanocytic Lesions

The talk covers recent advancements and gaps in dermatopathology, particularly focusing on melanocytic lesions. Dr. Junkins provides insights on the use of immunohistochemistry, molecular techniques, and artificial intelligence in improving diagnostic accuracy. The presentation emphasizes the importance of PRAME as a promising tool in differentiating between melanomas and other conditions, especially in challenging diagnostic scenarios. It highlights studies showcasing PRAME's utility in various cases and discusses the specificity and sensitivity issues that still need addressing. The role of AI in analyzing melanocytic lesions is explored, with potential benefits and concerns regarding the accuracy of training data used for machine learning highlighted. Furthermore, the decline in melanoma mortality despite an increase in diagnoses prompts a reconsideration of diagnostic criteria and the possibility of overdiagnosis. The need for integrating multiple approaches, including clinical findings and newer genetic profiling techniques, is underscored as essential for refining treatment strategies. The discussion concludes with a call for dermatopathologists to continually reassess diagnostic methodologies, particularly in light of emerging phenomena such as fusion neoplasms, while maintaining accuracy in educating AI systems to ensure meaningful patient outcomes.